The Evolution of AI Agents: Navigating the “Fog of AI” in Rapidly Changing Foundations | Stanislas Polu and Harrison Chase

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What’s next for AI agents, and how will they change the way we work? In this conversation, Stanislas Polu (CEO of Dust, formerly research at OpenAI) and Harrison Chase (CEO of LangChain, one of the most influential open-source AI frameworks) unpack the current state and future of AI agents. They reflect on their early conversations in the pre-ChatGPT days, how the landscape has evolved, and where it's headed next.

Stan and Harrison share lessons from building today’s agent infrastructure—from chat interfaces to the future of ambient, autonomous systems—and discuss the challenges of operating in the chaotic "fog of AI." We dig into the open questions, early insights, and messy realities of building in today’s fast-moving AI landscape.

In this conversation, we explore:

• What sparked Stan and Harrison’s early interest in LLMs

• The pre-ChatGPT era and how the AI landscape has evolved since late 2022

• High-leverage use cases for agents inside Dust and LangChain today

• The critical differences between AI workflows and true agents—and why agents may unlock more powerful, long-term solutions

• Why reliability is the main blocker to ambient agents

• Real-world enterprise use cases for AI agents across customer support, sales, and engineering

• How to build in the “fog of AI” and the challenge of maintaining product vision when foundations shift every six months

• Strategies for creating defensibility in a world where tech giants can quickly replicate features

• The future of multi-agent systems and how they could transform enterprise productivity

• The current state of the AI talent market

• And much more

Explore the episode

Timestamps

(00:00) Intro

(02:33) Brief overviews of Dust and LangChain

(03:30) The early days of LLM product development

(11:02) Harrison's journey to founding LangChain

(14:35) Dust's evolution and focus on enterprise productivity

(17:15) Tobi’s AI memo

(18:42) An overview of AI agents and how they differ from AI workflows

(26:43) High-leverage use cases for agents at Dust and LangChain

(30:41) How to interact with agents and an explanation of ambient agents

(36:21) What the future of agents may look like

(40:52) Current limitations of AI agents and reliability challenges

(45:40) Will we converge to one agent or many specialized ones?

(51:32) How to solve the sycophant problem

(56:04) The challenges of building AI companies in a rapidly changing landscape

(01:03:06) Recent AI talent acquisitions and market dynamics

(01:05:28) How Dust and LangChain attract talent

(01:09:12) How far off AGI may be

(01:12:52) Final meditations

Follow Stanislas Polu

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/spolu/

X: https://x.com/spolu

Follow Harrison Chase

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/harrison-chase-961287118/

X: https://x.com/hwchase17

Resources and episode mentions

Books

• Permutation City: https://www.amazon.com/Permutation-City-Novel-Greg-Egan/dp/1597805394

• Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World: https://www.amazon.com/Range-Generalists-Triumph-Specialized-World/dp/0735214484

People

• Anton Troynikov on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/antontroynikov/

• Gabriel Hubert on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gabhubert/

• Andrew Ng on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/andrewyng/

Other resources

• Dust: https://dust.tt/

• LangChain: https://www.langchain.com/

• OpenAI: https://openai.com/

• Stable Diffusion: https://stablediffusionweb.com/

• CharacterAI: https://character.ai/

• LangSmith: https://www.langchain.com/langsmith

• Tobias Lütke’s memo reposted on X: https://x.com/tobi/status/1909251946235437514

• ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Models: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03629

• Introducing ambient agents: https://blog.langchain.com/introducing-ambient-agents/

• Claude task master: https://github.com/eyaltoledano/claude-task-master

• Google Jules: https://jules.google/

• Stripe: https://stripe.com/

• Windsurf: https://windsurf.com/

• Cognition: https://cognition.ai/

• Scale: https://scale.com/

• Inflection: https://inflection.ai/

• Adept: https://www.adept.ai/

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